限制入境命令中文翻译及英文原文

附上中文翻译全文。这是人工智能翻译，仅供参考，请以英文原文为准。

白宫原文网址：https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/proclamation-suspending-entry-aliens-present-risk-u-s-labor-market-following-coronavirus-outbreak/

宣布暂停冠状病毒爆发后对美国劳动力市场构成风险的外国人入境

类别：出入境

2019年的新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）严重破坏了美国人的生计。自2020年3月以来，美国企业及其工人面临着广泛的破坏，同时采取了一些必要的公共卫生措施，以使COVID-19的曲线变平并减少SARS-CoV-2（引起COVID-19的病毒）的传播。2020年2月至5月，美国的总体失业率几乎翻了两番，这是美国劳工统计局记录的一些最极端的失业率。虽然五月份的比率为13.3％，表明与四月份相比明显下降，但仍有数百万美国人失业。

在2020年4月22日的第10014号公告（2019年新型冠状病毒爆发后经济复苏期间对美国劳动力市场构成风险的移民进入暂停）中，我确定在没有干预的情况下，美国可能面临长期如果劳动力供应超过劳动力需求，则经济复苏和持续高失业率。因此，除某些例外情况外，我暂停了为期60天的外国人入境。正如我指出的那样，合法的永久居民一旦获得移民签证的批准，便获得“公开市场”的就业许可文件，从而使他们具有立即资格，可以胜任任何经济领域的几乎任何工作。鉴于60天对于美国劳动力市场来说是不足的时间，

此外，根据第10014号公告，劳工部长和国土安全部长审查了非移民计划，发现目前在几种非移民签证类别中入境的工人也有在目前的复苏期间流离失所和不利于美国工人的风险。

美国工人与外国国民竞争我们经济各个部门的工作，其中包括与数百万进入美国从事临时工作的外国人竞争。临时工通常由配偶和子女陪同，其中许多人还与美国工人竞争。在通常情况下，适当管理的临时工计划可以为经济带来好处。但是，在因COVID-19爆发而导致经济紧缩的特殊情况下，某些非移民签证计划授权这种就业对美国工人的就业构成了不寻常的威胁。

例如，在2020年2月至4月之间，在雇主试图填补与H-2B非移民签证有关的工人职位的行业中，美国损失了超过1700万个工作岗位。在同一时期，有超过2,000万美国工人在关键行业失去工作，目前这些行业的雇主正在要求H-1B和L工人填补职位。另外，与某些J非移民签证申请人竞争的五月失业青年美国人的失业率也特别高-16个19岁的年轻人为29.9％，而20-24岁的这个群体为23.2％。因此，通过H-1B，H-2B，J和L非移民签证计划可招募其他工人，

正如我在《宣言10014》中所描述的那样，过多的劳动力供应对处于就业和失业边缘的工人特别有害，这些工人通常是经济扩张期间的“后进”而经济收缩期间的“先进”。近年来，这些工人在历史上处于不利地位的群体所占比例过大，这些群体包括非洲裔美国人和其他少数群体，没有大学学位的人以及残障人士。

在管理我们国家的移民制度时，我们必须牢记外国工人对美国劳动力市场的影响，特别是在当前国内高失业率和劳动力需求低迷的特殊环境下。从历史上看，当从导致生产力大幅收缩的经济冲击中复苏时，就业的复苏落后于经济活动的改善。这一预测结果表明，假设经济收缩结束，美国经济将可能需要数月才能恢复到收缩前的经济产出，并需要数月才能恢复稳定的劳动力需求。鉴于上述情况，我确定该条目截止到2020年12月31日，

现在，我是美国总统唐纳德·特伦普（DONALD J. TRUMP），由美国宪法和美国法律（包括移民法第212（f）和215（a）条）赋予我的权力和《国籍法》（INA）（8 USC 1182（f）和1185（a））以及《美国法典》第3编第301条，据此认定，第10014条第1条所述的人员进入美国（10014号公告第2条中的规定）以及本公告第2条中所述的人员（除本公告第3条中的规定外）会损害美国的利益，并且其进入应受到某些国家的限制限制，限制和例外。因此，我在此宣布以下内容：

第 1。10014号公告的延续。（a）10014号公告的第4节修改如下：

“ 部分。4。 终止。该声明将于2020年12月31日到期，并可根据需要继续进行。在该声明生效期间，自2020年6月24日起30天内，此后每60天内，国土安全部长应与国务卿和劳工部长协商，建议进行必要的任何修改。”

（b）本条应立即生效。

部分。2。暂停和进入限制。特此暂停并限制根据以下任何一种非移民签证寻求入境的任何外国人进入美国，但须遵守本声明的第3条：

（a）H-1B或H-2B签证，以及随同或跟随其加入的任何外国人；

（b）J 签证 在外国人参加实习生，实习生，教师，营地顾问，互惠生或暑期工作旅行计划的范围内的J签证，以及陪同或跟随该外国人参加的任何外国人；和

（c）L签证，以及随同或跟随该外国人的任何外国人。

部分。3。暂停范围和限制进入。（a）根据本法令第2条规定的中止和入境限制仅适用于以下任何外国人：

（i）在本公告生效之日在美国境外；

（ii）没有在本声明生效之日有效的非移民签证；和

（iii）除签证外，没有有效的官方旅行证件（例如运输函件，适当的登机箔纸或预先假释证件），该证件在本公告的生效日期有效，或在其后允许的任何日期签发他或她前往美国寻求入境或录取。

（b）根据本公告第2条规定的中止和入境限制不适用于：

（i）美国的任何合法永久居民；

（ii）根据INA（8 USC 1101（b）（1））第101（b）（1）条的规定，是配偶或子女的任何外国人；

（iii）任何寻求进入美国以提供对美国食品供应链至关重要的临时劳工或服务的外国人；和

（iv）由国务卿，国土安全大臣或其各自指定人员确定的符合国家利益的任何外国人。

部分。4。 实施与执行。（a）领事官员应自行决定非移民是否已确定本公告第3（b）条规定的例外情况的资格。国务大臣应按照国务大臣与国土安全大臣和劳工大臣协商，由国务大臣酌情决定的程序，执行适用于签证的声明。国土安全部部长应按照国土安全部部长与国务大臣协商，可以在国土安全部部长的酌处权基础上确定的程序，执行适用于外国人入境的这一声明。

（i）国务卿，劳工部长和国土安全部长应制定标准，以定义本公告第3（b）（iv）节所涵盖的外国人类别，包括：对国防至关重要的外国人，美国的执法，外交或国家安全；参与为已感染COVID-19且目前已住院的个人提供医疗服务；参与在美国设施中提供医学研究，以帮助美国对抗COVID-19；或对促进美国立即和持续的经济复苏所必需。

（ii）根据本公告第4（a）（i）条规定的标准，本公告第3（b）（iv）节涵盖的外国人应由国务卿，国土安全部部长确定，或由其各自指定的人员自行决定。

（b）通过欺诈，故意虚假陈述重大事实或非法入境来规避本声明适用的外国人，应优先由国土安全部遣送。

（c）本声明中的任何内容均不得解释为限制个人根据法律禁止寻求庇护，难民身份，扣留遣返或根据《禁止酷刑和其他残忍，不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约》提供保护的能力。美国。

部分。5。 附加措施。（a）卫生和公共服务部长应通过疾病控制和预防中心主任在必要时为国务卿和国土安全部长提供指导，以采取措施来减少寻求入境或进入美国的外国人可以在美国境内引入，传播或传播SARS-CoV-2。

（b）劳工部长应在切实可行的范围内，在与适用法律一致的情况下，与国土安全部长协商，考虑颁布法规或采取其他适当行动，以确保有下列行为的外国人在美国居住：根据EB-2或EB-3移民签证或H-1B非移民签证被录取或以其他方式提供好处，或正在寻求入境或好处的人，不会违反212（a）条，使美国工人处于不利地位INA的（5）（A）或（n）（1）（8 USC 1182（a）（5）（A）或（n）（1））。劳工部长还应根据INA第212（n）（2）（G）（i）节的规定进行调查（8 USC 1182（n）（2）（G）（i））。

（c）国土安全部长应：

（i）与国务卿协调，根据适用法律采取适当行动，规定在该外国人获得签证之前，该外国人不具备资格申请签证或入境或进入美国或其他利益已注册了传记和生物特征信息，包括但不限于照片，签名和指纹；

（ii）依照适用法律采取适当和必要的步骤，以防止某些最终命令将其驱逐出境的外国人；从美国入境或被驱逐出境的人；或因在美国因犯罪而被捕，被指控或定罪的人，没有获得在美国工作的资格；和

（iii）根据INA（8 USC 1184（g）（3）第214（g）（3）条，在切实可行的范围内尽快考虑颁布法规或采取其他有关有效分配签证的适当措施）），并确保H-1B非移民在美国的存在不会使美国工人处于不利地位。

部分。6。 终止。该声明将于2020年12月31日到期，并可根据需要继续进行。在本公告生效之日起的30天内以及此公告生效后的每60天内，国土安全部长应与国务卿和劳工部长协商，建议进行必要的修改。

部分。7。 生效日期。除本公告第1节中规定的内容外，该公告于2020年6月24日东部夏令时上午12:01生效。

部分。8。 可分割性。美国的政策是最大可能地执行这一声明，以促进美国的利益。因此：

（a）如果本公告的任何规定或对任何人或情况的任何规定的适用被认为是无效的，则本公告的其余部分及其对其他任何人或情况的适用均不受影响。; 和

（b）如果由于缺乏某些程序要求而使本公告的任何规定或对任何人或情况的任何规定的适用无效，则相关行政部门的官员应执行那些程序要求以符合现有规定法律和任何适用的法院命令。

部分。9。 一般规定。（a）本声明中的任何内容均不得解释为损害或以其他方式影响：

（i）法律授予执行部门或机构或其负责人的权力；要么

（ii）管理和预算局局长与预算，行政或立法提案有关的职能。

（b）本公告应根据适用法律并在有拨款的情况下执行。

（c）本声明无意，也不会创造任何权利或利益，无论是实体还是程序上的任何权利或利益，任何一方均可针对美国，其部门，机关或实体，其高级职员，雇员在法律或权益上执行，代理商或任何其他人。

特此通知，我是在六月的第二十二天，也就是我们的第二十二年，美利坚合众国的第二百四十四，在这一天开始工作的。

唐纳德·特朗普

英文原文：

Proclamation Suspending Entry of Aliens Who Present a Risk to the U.S. Labor Market Following the Coronavirus Outbreak

IMMIGRATION

Issued on: June 22, 2020

The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) has significantly disrupted Americans’ livelihoods.  Since March 2020, United States businesses and their workers have faced extensive disruptions while undertaking certain public health measures necessary to flatten the curve of COVID-19 and reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.  The overall unemployment rate in the United States nearly quadrupled between February and May of 2020 — producing some of the most extreme unemployment ever recorded by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.  While the May rate of 13.3 percent reflects a marked decline from April, millions of Americans remain out of work.

In Proclamation 10014 of April 22, 2020 (Suspension of Entry of Immigrants Who Present a Risk to the United States Labor Market During the Economic Recovery Following the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak), I determined that, without intervention, the United States faces a potentially protracted economic recovery with persistently high unemployment if labor supply outpaces labor demand.  Consequently, I suspended, for a period of 60 days, the entry of aliens as immigrants, subject to certain exceptions.  As I noted, lawful permanent residents, once admitted pursuant to immigrant visas, are granted “open-market” employment authorization documents, allowing them immediate eligibility to compete for almost any job, in any sector of the economy.  Given that 60 days is an insufficient time period for the United States labor market, still stalled with partial social distancing measures, to rebalance, and given the lack of sufficient alternative means to protect unemployed Americans from the threat of competition for scarce jobs from new lawful permanent residents, the considerations present in Proclamation 10014 remain.

In addition, pursuant to Proclamation 10014, the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Homeland Security reviewed nonimmigrant programs and found that the present admission of workers within several nonimmigrant visa categories also poses a risk of displacing and disadvantaging United States workers during the current recovery.

American workers compete against foreign nationals for jobs in every sector of our economy, including against millions of aliens who enter the United States to perform temporary work.  Temporary workers are often accompanied by their spouses and children, many of whom also compete against American workers.  Under ordinary circumstances, properly administered temporary worker programs can provide benefits to the economy.  But under the extraordinary circumstances of the economic contraction resulting from the COVID-19 outbreak, certain nonimmigrant visa programs authorizing such employment pose an unusual threat to the employment of American workers.

For example, between February and April of 2020, more than 17 million United States jobs were lost in industries in which employers are seeking to fill worker positions tied to H-2B nonimmigrant visas.  During this same period, more than 20 million United States workers lost their jobs in key industries where employers are currently requesting H-1B and L workers to fill positions.  Also, the May unemployment rate for young Americans, who compete with certain J nonimmigrant visa applicants, has been particularly high — 29.9 percent for 16 19 year olds, and 23.2 percent for the 20-24 year old group.  The entry of additional workers through the H-1B, H-2B, J, and L nonimmigrant visa programs, therefore, presents a significant threat to employment opportunities for Americans affected by the extraordinary economic disruptions caused by the COVID-19 outbreak.

As I described in Proclamation 10014, excess labor supply is particularly harmful to workers at the margin between employment and unemployment — those who are typically “last in” during an economic expansion and “first out” during an economic contraction.  In recent years, these workers have been disproportionately represented by historically disadvantaged groups, including African Americans and other minorities, those without a college degree, and Americans with disabilities.

In the administration of our Nation’s immigration system, we must remain mindful of the impact of foreign workers on the United States labor market, particularly in the current extraordinary environment of high domestic unemployment and depressed demand for labor.  Historically, when recovering from economic shocks that cause significant contractions in productivity, recoveries in employment lag behind improvements in economic activity.  This predictive outcome demonstrates that, assuming the conclusion of the economic contraction, the Unites States economy will likely require several months to return to pre-contraction economic output, and additional months to restore stable labor demand.  In light of the above, I have determined that the entry, through December 31, 2020, of certain aliens as immigrants and nonimmigrants would be detrimental to the interests of the United States.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States, by the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including sections 212(f) and 215(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) (8 U.S.C. 1182(f) and 1185(a)) and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, hereby find that the entry into the United States of persons described in section 1 of Proclamation 10014, except as provided in section 2 of Proclamation 10014, and persons described in section 2 of this proclamation, except as provided for in section 3 of this proclamation, would be detrimental to the interests of the United States, and that their entry should be subject to certain restrictions, limitations, and exceptions.  I therefore hereby proclaim the following:

Section 1.  Continuation of Proclamation 10014.  (a)  Section 4 of Proclamation 10014 is amended to read as follows:

“Sec. 4.  Termination.  This proclamation shall expire on December 31, 2020, and may be continued as necessary.  Within 30 days of June 24, 2020, and every 60 days thereafter while this proclamation is in effect, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall, in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Labor, recommend any modifications as may be necessary.”

(b)  This section shall be effective immediately.

Sec. 2.  Suspension and Limitation on Entry.  The entry into the United States of any alien seeking entry pursuant to any of the following nonimmigrant visas is hereby suspended and limited, subject to section 3 of this proclamation:

(a)  an H-1B or H-2B visa, and any alien accompanying or following to join such alien;

(b)  a J visa, to the extent the alien is participating in an intern, trainee, teacher, camp counselor, au pair, or summer work travel program, and any alien accompanying or following to join such alien; and

(c)  an L visa, and any alien accompanying or following to join such alien.

Sec. 3.  Scope of Suspension and Limitation on Entry.  (a)  The suspension and limitation on entry pursuant to section 2 of this proclamation shall apply only to any alien who:

(i)    is outside the United States on the effective date of this proclamation;

(ii)   does not have a nonimmigrant visa that is valid on the effective date of this proclamation; and

(iii)  does not have an official travel document other than a visa (such as a transportation letter, an appropriate boarding foil, or an advance parole document) that is valid on the effective date of this proclamation or issued on any date thereafter that permits him or her to travel to the United States and seek entry or admission.

(b)  The suspension and limitation on entry pursuant to section 2 of this proclamation shall not apply to:

(i)    any lawful permanent resident of the United States;

(ii)   any alien who is the spouse or child, as defined in section 101(b)(1) of the INA (8 U.S.C. 1101(b)(1)), of a United States citizen;

(iii)  any alien seeking to enter the United States to provide temporary labor or services essential to the United States food supply chain; and

(iv)   any alien whose entry would be in the national interest as determined by the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Homeland Security, or their respective designees.

Sec. 4.  Implementation and Enforcement.  (a)  The consular officer shall determine, in his or her discretion, whether a nonimmigrant has established his or her eligibility for an exception in section 3(b) of this proclamation.  The Secretary of State shall implement this proclamation as it applies to visas pursuant to such procedures as the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Secretary of Labor, may establish in the Secretary of State’s discretion.  The Secretary of Homeland Security shall implement this proclamation as it applies to the entry of aliens pursuant to such procedures as the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Secretary of State, may establish in the Secretary of Homeland Security’s discretion.

(i)   The Secretary of State, the Secretary of Labor, and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall establish standards to define categories of aliens covered by section 3(b)(iv) of this proclamation, including those that:  are critical to the defense, law enforcement, diplomacy, or national security of the United States; are involved with the provision of medical care to individuals who have contracted COVID-19 and are currently hospitalized; are involved with the provision of medical research at United States facilities to help the United States combat COVID-19; or are necessary to facilitate the immediate and continued economic recovery of the United States.  The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall exercise the authority under section 3(b)(iv) of this proclamation and section 2(b)(iv) of Proclamation 10014 to exempt alien children who would as a result of the suspension in section 2 of this proclamation or the suspension in section 1 of Proclamation 10014 age out of eligibility for a visa.

(ii)  Aliens covered by section 3(b)(iv) of this proclamation, under the standards established in section 4(a)(i) of this proclamation, shall be identified by the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Homeland Security, or their respective designees, in his or her sole discretion.

(b)  An alien who circumvents the application of this proclamation through fraud, willful misrepresentation of a material fact, or illegal entry shall be a priority for removal by the Department of Homeland Security.

(c)  Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to limit the ability of an individual to seek asylum, refugee status, withholding of removal, or protection under the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, consistent with the laws of the United States.

Sec. 5.  Additional Measures.  (a)  The Secretary of Health and Human Services, through the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, shall, as necessary, provide guidance to the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security for implementing measures that could reduce the risk that aliens seeking admission or entry to the United States may introduce, transmit, or spread SARS-CoV-2 within the United States.

(b)  The Secretary of Labor shall, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security, as soon as practicable, and consistent with applicable law, consider promulgating regulations or take other appropriate action to ensure that the presence in the United States of aliens who have been admitted or otherwise provided a benefit, or who are seeking admission or a benefit, pursuant to an EB-2 or EB-3 immigrant visa or an H-1B nonimmigrant visa does not disadvantage United States workers in violation of section 212(a)(5)(A) or (n)(1) of the INA (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(5)(A) or (n)(1)).  The Secretary of Labor shall also undertake, as appropriate, investigations pursuant to section 212(n)(2)(G)(i) of the INA (8 U.S.C. 1182(n)(2)(G)(i)).

(c)  The Secretary of Homeland Security shall:

(i)    take appropriate action, consistent with applicable law, in coordination with the Secretary of State, to provide that an alien should not be eligible to apply for a visa or for admission or entry into the United States or other benefit until such alien has been registered with biographical and biometric information, including but not limited to photographs, signatures, and fingerprints;

(ii)   take appropriate and necessary steps, consistent with applicable law, to prevent certain aliens who have final orders of removal; who are inadmissible or deportable from the United States; or who have been arrested for, charged with, or convicted of a criminal offense in the United States, from obtaining eligibility to work in the United States; and

(iii)  as soon as practicable, and consistent with applicable law, consider promulgating regulations or take other appropriate action regarding the efficient allocation of visas pursuant to section 214(g)(3) of the INA (8 U.S.C. 1184(g)(3)) and ensuring that the presence in the United States of H-1B nonimmigrants does not disadvantage United States workers.

Sec. 6.  Termination.  This proclamation shall expire on December 31, 2020, and may be continued as necessary.  Within 30 days of the effective date of this proclamation and every 60 days thereafter while this proclamation is in effect, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall, in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Labor, recommend any modifications as may be necessary.

Sec. 7.  Effective Date.  Except as provided in section 1 of this proclamation, this proclamation is effective at 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on June 24, 2020.

Sec. 8.  Severability.  It is the policy of the United States to enforce this proclamation to the maximum extent possible to advance the interests of the United States.  Accordingly:

(a)  if any provision of this proclamation, or the application of any provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be invalid, the remainder of this proclamation and the application of its provisions to any other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby; and

(b)  if any provision of this proclamation, or the application of any provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be invalid because of the lack of certain procedural requirements, the relevant executive branch officials shall implement those procedural requirements to conform with existing law and with any applicable court orders.

Sec. 9.  General Provisions.  (a)  Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i)   the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or

(ii)  the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.

(b)  This proclamation shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.

(c)  This proclamation is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord two thousand twenty, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and forty-fourth.

DONALD J. TRUMP