英语写作中的平行结构

英语中的平行结构是一种很常见的用法，尤其是在口语和写作中时常出现。本文将分享英语平行结构，理解这种类型的语法有助于帮助写作部分的语言使用。英语里的平行结构是一种需要匹配句子中单词、短语或从句的语法形式。平行结构使得写作结构更整齐，突出特定的想法，并使写作更容易理解。

句子中的单词平行结构

错误形式: Fruits, green vegetables, and whole grain products are part of a healthy diet. [错误点：形容词修饰了一部分名称，有的名词没有形容词。]

正确形式: Fruits, vegetables, and grains are part of a healthy diet.

句子中的短语平行结构

 错误形式: Last night, Dylan and Bob debated how literature should be defined and the use of theory. [错误点：短语的结构和单词顺序不同。]

正确形式: Last night, Dylan and Bob debated the definition of literature and the use of theory.

句子中的从句平行结构

错误形式: While driving across the country, Lynn was planning on camping in the Grand Canyon, wanted to stay with a friend in San Diego, and swim in the Pacific Ocean. [错误点：每个从句的动词形式不同.]

正确形式: While driving across the country, Lynn planned to camp in the Grand Canyon, hike in the Rocky Mountains, and swim in the Pacific Ocean.

固定连词平行结构：Not only…but also…

错误形式: My dog not only likes to play fetch, but also chase cats. [错误点：连接词后面接的动词形式不同。]

正确形式: My dog not only likes to play fetch, but also to chase cats.

固定连词平行结构：Both…and…

错误形式: Both John or Lee enjoyed playing computer games.

正确形式: Both John and Lee enjoyed playing computer games.

固定连词平行结构：Either…or…

错误形式: If you want to meet with your biology professor, you will find her either in her office and she will be in the laboratory. [错误点：1. 要注意either or的形式。2. either和or后面接的形式不同。]

正确形式: If you want to meet with your biology professor, you will find her either in her office or in the laboratory.

固定连词平行结构：Neither…nor…

错误形式: Tim likes neither shopping or to swim. [错误点：1. 要注意neither nor的形式。2. 后面接的动词形式不一致。]

正确形式: Tim likes neither shopping nor swimming.

固定连词平行结构：Rather…than…

错误形式: I would rather pay for my education than financial aid. [错误点：连接词后面接的形式不一致。]

正确形式:  I would rather pay for my education than receive financial aid.

小练习 – 判断是否平行

1. I would rather stay at home than going out with Jim.

2. Tim criticizes that public schools are compulsory, funded by government, and destroy humanity.

3. Sellers receive either money or trade goods with their buyers.

平行结构为写作增添色彩及清晰度, 具有平行结构的句子使写作有效、优雅，并且会给阅读者留下深刻印象。希望本文可以帮助更清晰的了解此写作方式的格式，并帮助以后在写作中运用平行结构，使得读者轻松遵循特定的结构，以此使得文章更具可读性。

Reference

Evergreen a guide to writing 10th edition. (n.d.). Retrieved November 13, 2021