微信客服
wholerenguru3 (厚仁学术哥)
大学写作的主要目标之一是以清晰易懂的方式表达想法。为了帮助读者理解复杂想法,需要有意识地了解如何将论文作为一个整体来组织,以及如何形成各个段落。在刚开始学习英文写作时,基本会学到通过使用诸如First,Sencond,Addtionally, Further, Finally之类的词开始每个段落来组织写作, 这些词就是是过渡词。但并非所有的过渡词都是单独的词,有时则需要一个完整的短语,那么这些短语被称为过渡短语。熟悉并了解这些词及短语的使用可以帮助写作过渡更加高效并顺畅。
什么时候使用过渡词
过渡词描绘了词和短语之间的关系,尽管在学习写作时,很多学生通常会在段落开头使用过渡词,但这并不是唯一使用过渡词的地方,过渡词也可以使用在句子与句子之间,句子开头或句子的中间。虽然清晰的写作主要是通过在整篇论文中对想法进行故意排序来实现的,但也可以通过在单个句子中使用过渡词来引导读者了解自己正在建立的逻辑关系。过渡词和短语可以在想法之间建立强大的联系,并可以帮助读者理解论文逻辑。
过渡词的类型
不同的过渡词有不同的用处,所以过渡词被划分为不同的类别。接下来会分享8种不同类型的过渡词及过渡短语的用法。
类型1: 因果关系
因果关系过渡词显示了一种行为如何导致特定结果,或某种意图和其某种行动之间关系的单词和过渡短语。
accordingly
as a result
and so
because
consequently
for that reason
hence
on account of
since
therefore
thus
例如:
Consequently, elderly participants were not recruited as the survey content would have been irrelevant.
类型2: 时间
时间类型过渡词主要是时间关系,特别是描述某件事发生时间或什么时间将发生某个事件。
after
afterwards
always
at length
during
earlier
following
immediately
in the meantime
later
never
next
now
once
simultaneously
so far
sometimes
soon
subsequently
then
this time
until now
when
whenever
while
例子:
This café is a perfect place to enjoy good food and dazzling sunsets simultaneously.
类型3: 对比转折
对比转折类型的过渡词和短语主要是用来连接不同及存在差异的两件事。
although
and yet
at the same time
but
despite
however
in contrast
nevertheless
nonetheless
notwithstanding
on the contrary
on the other hand
otherwise
unlike
while
例子:
Despite his harsh words, he’d left a present for her on the nightstand near her bed.
类型5: 例子类
例子类过渡词表明一个概念支持另一个概念,或者通过提供证据、强调,或者举例的单词及短语。
as an illustration
for example
for instance
specifically
that is
to demonstrate
to illustrate
explicitly
in other words
especially
例子:
I love all kinds of pizza, especially stuffed-crust pizza.
类型6: 总结类
总结类词及短语是结束段落、论点和文章的过渡词。这些词也可以用来总结和重申想法。
in conclusion
in the end
to conclude
in brief
in sum
in summary
in short
to sum up
to summarize
finally
lastly
overall
in a nutshell
例子:
In a nutshell, the problem is that we had to move out of that office.
类型7: 地点类
地点类的过渡词到关注某物所在的位置,或者两件事之间的物理或空间关系。
nearby
beside
over
where
behind
next to
under
beyond
amid
among
adjacent to
below
in front of
例子:
A bird hide is situated adjacent to the lake.
类型8: 顺序递进
顺序递进类的过渡词主要是连接一系列的事件。
additionally
again
as a result
besides
even more
further
furthermore
in addition
in the first place
in the second place
last
moreover
next
例子:
He sprained his wrist and, as a result, he will not be playing in the tournament.
写在最后,单词的选择对于有效沟通至关重要,这包括为每个句子选择正确的过渡词。过渡词和短语是散文,论文或其他写作文章的重要手段组成,并且改善了句子之间的连接和转换。希望本文对写作起到参考的作用。
Reference
Transitional words and phrases. The Writing Center. (n.d.). WISC.
美国招生协会
AIRC权威认证
80位
美国双语导师
10年+
名校申请经验
8600+
名校名企录取
微信客服
wholerenguru3 (厚仁学术哥)